DIY KITS M328 Russian Transistor LCR Diode Capacitance ESR Voltage Meter PWM Square Wave Frequency Signal

RM1307731646915199

Power : Transistor can be powered from 6.8V – 12V DC. This can be achieve by a 9V layer-built battery. Two 3.7V Lithium-ion battery in series. Or AC adapter. When power on , the current is about 30mA at DC 9V.

Control: Transistor is control by a “rotary pulse encoder with switch” , or short by “RPEWS” , this component have four mode of operation, a short time pre the knob , pre and hold , left and right rotate the knob. when Transistor is powered. a Short time pre of the RPEWS will switch on the Transistor , and start a Test. Transistor will waiting for user input at the end of a test. During a end of test ,and before it’s auto switch off. A long time pre or Rotation of left and right the RPEWS will enter the function menu. In the function menu, a “>” at left column to index the Selected menu item. To enter the Specific function , just a click the RPEWS. Within the Specific function, pre and hold the knob will exit and go back to the function menu.

Test : Transistor have three Test point(TP1,TP2,TP3), within the Test socket, the three is allocation as follow.

At right side of the Test socket is the SMT test pad, also have number to Identify each.

When test two lead component(, , inductor), the two lead can select any two test point . if TP1 and TP3 is selected, the Test will enter to” series test mode” when the test is Completes. Else the test is start again by a shorttime pre RPEWS.

Attention: All ways be sure to discharge s before connecting them to the ! The may be damaged before you have switched it on. There is only a little protection at the MCU’s ports. Extra caution is required if you try to test components mounted in a circuit. In either case the equment should be disconnected from power source and you should be sure, that no residual voltage remains in the equment.

Self test and Calibration: the self test can be prepared by connecting all three test point together and pushing of the RPEWS, the color of the ’s LCD will change to white font and black background. Prompt string “ Selftest mode..? ”, To begin the self test, the RPEWS must be preed again within 2 seconds, else the will continue with a normal measurement. Now self test is start, the will prompt you for next step. Wait for a time until Prompt string “ isolate Probes! ”, at that time remove the connecting of the three test point. will wait , until it’s sense the disconnect. Then continue the self test proce. If this is the first time use self test(the Transistor is aemble by yourself from scratch ), will soon Prompt string “ 1----3 > 100nf” , A with any capacity between 100nF and 20µF connected to pin 1 and pin 3 is required for the last task of calibration, You should connect the , not before this text is shown. With this the offset voltage of the og comparator will be compensated for better measurement of capacity values.

special using hints: Normally the shows the battery voltage with every start. If the voltage fall below a limit, a warning is shown behind the battery voltage. If you use a rechargeable 9V battery, you should replace the battery as soon as poible or you should recharge. the measured supply voltage will be shown in display row two for 1 second with”VCC=x.xxV”. It cannot repeat often enough, that s should be discharged before measuring. Otherwise the can be damaged before the start on is preed. If you try to measure components in aembled condition, the equment should be all ways disconnected from power source. Furthermore you should be sure, that no residual voltage reside in the equment. Every electronical equment has s inside! If you try to measure little values, you should keep the resistance of plug connectors and cables in mind. The quality and condition of plug connectors are ant, also the resistance of cables used for measurement. The same is in force for the ESR measurement of s. With poor connection cable a ESR value of 0.02ohm can grow to 0.61ohm. You should not expect very good accuracy of measurement results, especially the ESR measurement and the results of inductance measurement are not very exact

Components with probl: You should keep in mind by interpreting the measurement results, that the circuit of the Transistor is designed for small signal semiconductors. In normal measurement condition the measurement current can only reach about 6 mA. Power semiconductors often make trouble by reason of residual current with the identification and the measurement of junction capacity value. The often cannot deliver enough ignition current or holding current for power Thyristors or Triacs. So a Thyristor can be detected as NPN transistor or diode. Also it is poible, that a Thyristor or Triacis detected as unknown. Another problem is the identification of semiconductors with integrated s. So the base -emitter diode of a BU508D transistor cannot be detected by reason of the parallel connected internal 42ohm . Therefore the transistor function cannot be tested also. Problem with detection is also given with power Darlington transistors. We can find often internal base - emitter s, which make it difficult to identify the component with the undersized measurement current.

Measurement of PNP and NPN transistors: For normal measurement the three pins of the transistor will be connect in any order to the measurement inputs of the Transistor . After pushing the RPEWS, the shows in row1 the type (NPN or PNP), a poible integrated protecting diode of the Collector - Emitter path and the sequence of pins. The diode symbol is shown with correct polarity. Row 2 shows the current amplification factor (hfe=...) and the Base - Emitter threshold voltage. You should know, that the can measure the amplification factor with two different circuits, the common Emitter and the common Collector circuit (Emitter follower). Only the higher result is shown on the LCD. With Germanium transistors often a Collector cutoff current ICEO with current le base or a Collector residual current ICES with base hold to the emitter level is measured

Measurement of JFET and D-MOS transistors: Because the structure of JFET type is symmetrical, the Source and Drain of this transistor cannot be differed. Normally one of the parameter of this transistor is the current of the transistor with the Gate at the same level as Source. This current is often higher than the current, which can be reached with the measurement circuit of the Transistor with the 680ohm . For this reason the 680ohm is connected to the Source. Thus the Gate get with the growing of current a negative bias voltage. The reports the Source current of this circuit and additionally the bias voltage of the Gate. So various models can be differed. The D-MOS transistors (depletion type) are measured with the same method. You should know for enhancement MOS transistors (P-E-MOS or N-E-MOS), that the measurement of the gate threshold voltage (Vth) is more difficult with little gate capacity values. You can get a better voltage value, if you connect a with a value of some nF parallel to the gate/source. The gate threshold voltage will be find out with a drain current of about 3.5mA for a P-E-MOS and about 4mA for a N-E-MOS

Function menu descrtions: 1. Switch off Enter this Function the will shut down immediately. 2. Transistor Transistor test, it’s also the default Function at switch on. 3. Frequency Measurement of frequency, For frequencies below 25kHz the normal measurement is followed by a measurement of period time. This additional measurement is only followed after a normal frequency measurement. 4.f- Signal generation, this Function can output square wave .with various of frequency to choice. 5. 10-bit PWM The function ”10-bit PWM” (Pulse Width Modulation) generates a fixed frequency(7812.5Hz) with selectable pulse width at the pin TP2. With a short key pre (

Color to black and font color to white automatically. When the Selftest is finish . you will have the chance to modify the color .

11. BackColor This is function is the same as the FrontColor except it’s change the background color . 12. 1----3 This function can series Measurement the capacitance at TP1 ,TP3, this function can Measurement very small . A long time pre will exit the function. 13. 1- - 3 This function can series Measurement the Resistance and inductance at TP1 ,TP3, A long time pre will exit the function. 14.DS18B20 The DS18B20 is a Digital with 1 Wire communicating protocol , it Looks like a Transistor due to the component package of TO-92, so it can fit into the Transistor .

When enter to this function, the Row 2 of the LCD is show a string “1=GND 2=DQ 3=VDD” , it’s mean TP1 of the connect the GND of the DS18B20 , and so on. The can not sense the pin distribution of the DS18B20, because DS18B20 is a integrated circuit. Must according to the string to install the DS18B20. The read the temperature use 12bit resolution, it first start a “Convert T“[44h] command, and then series read the 9 byte of the “SCRATCHPAD” and the “64-BIT LASERED ROM”. the first two byte within the “SCRATCHPAD”, conversion this first two byte to readable temperature show at row 3 of the LCD

For example: Follow is a read of the DS18B20. S S cratchpad : EC014B467FFF0C102A

15.DHT11 DHT11 is a r with temperature measure and humidity measure, the degree of accuracy is +-5%RH and +-2C Measures temperatures from 0 to 50C , Measures humidity from 20-90%RH. When enter to this function, the Row 2 of the LCD is show a string “1=GND 2=DQ 3=VDD” , it’s mean TP1 of the connect the GND of the DHT11 , the “N/A” pin of the DHT11 can be floating, or connect to GND. The TP2 of the is connect to DATA of the DHT11, The TP3 of the is connect to VCC of the DHT11. The can not sense the pin distribution of the EHT11 , Must according to Above statement. When a correctly read is occur, the temperature is show at row 3 and humidity is show at row 4. Exit this function can achieve by pre and hold the RPEWS > 3s. 16.IR_decoder The function of decoder is achieve by a IR receiver module. the follow IR receiver module is choice at design. A succe decode is list at row4 - 8 of the LCD, where row 4 display the IR protocol (TC9012 or uPD6121), row5 and row6 display “User code 1” and “User code 2” , row 7 display the data and the Bitwise NOT of the data(~data). Row8 is display the four byte together. the hexadecimal system is used to display All of the numbers 16.IR_Encoder This function is a simulation of IR e Controller. it can drive a IR LED connect at the ’s PWM output interface aociate with the user input . since the only provide about 6mA current, the Control distance is le-than a regular IR e Controller. On the first column of the LCD , is show a “>” , this symbol can move up or down by a click of the rotary encoder to select a certain item. Row2 of the LCD is select protocol, like IR_Decoder above, there are two protocol for select, ”TC9012” and “uPD6121”. It can be changed by rotate the knob, when the “>” appear at row2. row3 and row4 change the “user code 1” and “user code 2” value by rotate the knob ,left rotate will decrease and right rotate will increase the value . pre and hold the knob for >1S and